• Quaid's Message
• "You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this State of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed that has nothing to do with the business of the State."
  
  11^th August 1947, speech to the Constituent Assembly at Karachi,

CURRICULUM OF LL.B. PART-I, II & III AS PER HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION PAKISTAN

1. LLB I
   PAPER-I JURISPRUDENCE
   PAPER-II ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE
   PAPER-III CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I
   PAPER-IV LAW OF CONTRACT
   PAPER-V LAW OF TROTS
   PAPER-VI CRIMINAL LAW
   PAPER-VII LAW OF EQUITY AND SPECIFIC RELIEF
   
   
2. LLB II
   PAPER-I CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-II
   PAPER-II ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
   PAPER-III COMPANY LAW
   PAPER-IV LAW OF TRANSFER OF PROPERTY
   PAPER-V MUSLIM PERSONAL LAW
   PAPER-VI PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW
   PAPER-VII CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN
   
   
3. LLB III
   PAPER-I LAW OF CIVIL PROCEDURE
   PAPER-II CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE
   PAPER-III LAW OF EVIDENCE AND LEGAL ETHICS
   PAPER-IV LEGAL DRAFTING
   PAPER-V INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES
   
   
4. OPTIONAL PAPERS:
   OPTIONAL PAPER-I: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS
   OPTIONAL PAPER-II ENVIRONMENY LAW
   OPTIONAL PAPER-III BANKING LAWS
   OPTIONAL PAPER-IV LABOUR LAW
   OPTIONAL PAPER-V: TAXATION LAWS
   OPTIONAL PAPER-VI LAND OF LAWS
   OPTIONAL PAPER-VII: MINOR ACTS
   
   
5. RECOMMENDED WEBSITES
   

Paper-I JURISPRUDENCE (100 MARKS)
Course Contents

1. The Science of Jurisprudence as subject
   1. Meanings
   2. Definitions
   3. Kinds of Jurisprudence
   4. Relation of Jurisprudence with other social sciences
2. The Nature of Law
3. The Administration of Justices
4. The Source of Law
5. Legislation
6. Precedent
7. Custom
8. Legal Rights
9. Ownership
10. Possession
11. Persons
12. Titles
    

Books recommended

1. Jurisprudence by John Salmond edited by Fritz Gerald (latest edition).
2. Jurisprudence by Hibbert (latest edition).
3. Jurisprudence by Dennis Lloyds (Steven and sons Ltd., London).
4. Jurisprudence by CW Paton
5. Justice (R) Z A Channa, Precedents
   
   

Additional Books

1. Muhammadan Jurisprudence by Sir Abdurrahim.
2. Phalspha Shariat-i-Islam by Subhi Mehmasani.
3. The Early Development of Islamic Jurisprudence by Dr. Ahmed Hassan
4. Islam ka Nizami-i-Hakoomat by Maulana Hamid-al-Ansari Ghazi.
5. The Mulim conduct of state by Dr. Hamid Ullah
6. Islamic Jurisprudence by kemal A.Faruki
7. Reconstruction of Legal Thought in Islam by Dr. Riaz-ul-Hassan Gilani
8. Islamic Jurisprudence by Imran Ahsan Niazi.
   

Paper-II ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE (100 MARKS)
Course Contents

1. History of the growth of the Muslim Legal System
2. Various Schools of Islamic Law
3. Sources of Law
   1. The Qur’an and the Traditions
   2. Ijma and Customs
4. Juristic Deduction
   1. Qiy’as or Analogy
   2. Istehsan or Juristic Equity
   3. Istedlal
   4. Ijtehad and Taqlid
5. Acts, Rights and Obligations
6. Legal Capacity
7. Ownership and Possession
8. Constitutional Law
9. Muslim International Law
10. Law of Contract
11. Islamic Law of Crimes and Torts
    

The following books may be added to the reading list:

1. The early development of Islamic Jurisprudence by Ahmed Hassan.
2. A History of Islamic Law by N J Coulson
3. Islamic Jurisprudence by Imran Ahmed Nyazee
   
   

Paper-III CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I(100 MARKS)
1. The British Constitutional - 50 Marks
2. The Constitutional of the USA - 50 Marks

Course Contents
All contents of British and Constitution of United States are given as under:

Principles of British Constitution

1. Salient features pf the British Constitution
2. Difference between constitution & Constitutional Law
3. Source and nature of the British Constitution
4. Separation of Powers
5. The Rule of Law
6. Parliamentary Supremacy
7. British Constitutional Convention
8. Royal Prerogatives
9. British Cabinet
10. British Parliament
11. Privileges of the Parliament
12. Fundamental Rights and Human rights Act, 1998
13. Freedom of Expression
14. Judiciary
15. Impact of European Union

Constitution of United States:

1. Brief History of Conventions leading The Passing of American Constitution
2. Important Characteristics / Salient Features
3. Human Rights Bill-Civil Liberties
4. Ratification of the Constitution
5. Federalism
6. Congress, its two Houses – Legislative Procedure
7. Senate and Effectiveness of its Control
8. Separation of Powers
9. President-His election, Powers and checks on him
   i. Judiciary
   ii. Judicial Review
10. Rigidity-Procedure of amendments
    
    

Books Recommended

1. The English Constitutions by begehot.
2. Law of the Constitutional by Dicey
3. The Government of England by Lowell
4. The Govt. of USA by Munro
5. The American Political System by Brogen
6. The American Presidency by Lasaki
7. The Supreme Court of United States by warren
   

PAPER-IV LAW OF CONTRACT (100 MARKS)
1. Contract Act, 1872- 80 Marks
2. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 - 20 Marks

Course Contents

1. Preliminary General Principles
2. Formation of the Contract
3. Communication, Acceptance and Revocation of Proposals
4. Contracts, Voidable Contracts and Void Agreements
5. Contingent Contracts
6. Performance of Contracts
7. Of certain relations resembling those created by contracts
8. The Breach of Contract its Consequences and remedies
9. Indemnity and guarantee
10. Bailments
11. Agency

Sale of Goods:s

1. General Principles
2. Formation of the Contract of Sale
3. Subjection-matter of the contract
4. Condition and Warranties
5. Sale by Sample and Description
6. Auction Sale
7. Transfer of Property
8. Delivery and Payment of Price
9. Title
10. Performance of the Contract
11. Rights of Unpaid Seller
12. Breach of the Contract and remedies
    

PAPER-V LAW OF TROTS(100 MARKS)
Course Contents

All contents of britosh and Constitution of United States are given as under:

Law of torts

1. Definition of Tort
2. Difference between Tort and Crime; Tort and Breach of Contract
3. Essentials of Tort
4. Personal Disabilities
5. Discharge of Tort
6. Exceptions of Tort
7. Master and Servant
8. Remedies
9. Measurement of Damages
10. Remoteness of Damages
11. Defamation-Essential of Libel and Slander, Defences
12. Negligence and Contributory Negligence
13. Negligence; Pubic Nuisance and Private Nuisance
14. Malicious Prosecution
15. Fraud and Misrepresentation
16. Assault. Battery and Malice
17. Wrongful Confinement
18. Subrogation

Books Recommended

1. Windfield on Torts.
2. R.K. Kapoor on Law of Tort
3. Salmond on Torts.
4. A M Chaudhry on Law of Torts.
5. Law of Torts by Underhill.
   

PAPER-VI CRIMINAL LAW (100 MARKS)
The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 And the Hudood Laws, 1979

Course Contents
Definition of Crime, Nature and History of Crime, cause of crime, crime and Tort, Functions of Criminal law, Criminal Liability, Actus reue, Mens reaintention, knowledge, Motive, Principles of Participation, negligence Recklessness, Strict Liability; General defences, Preliminary offences, Sexual offences, Assault, battery, Hurt, Homicide, Offences against property. Offences affecting the public Health, Safety, Convenience, decency and morals.

Books Recommended

1. Smith and Hoggen on English Criminal Law.
2. Cross and Jones on English Criminal Law
3. M H Nizami on Pakistan Penal Code.
4. Shoukat Mahmood on Pakistan Penal Code.

The Pakistan penal Code, 1860

The Pakist5an Penal Code, 1860 omitting the following chapters:

1. Chapter VII (Offences relating to the Army, Navy and Air Force)
2. Chapter IX-A (Offences relating to Elections)
3. Chapter XII (Offences relating to Coins and government stamps)
4. Chapter XIII (Offences relating to weight and measures)
5. Chapter-XIII (Offences relating to documents and to trade or property marks)

HUDOOD LAWS

Course Contents

1. Offences Against Property (Enforcement of Hudood ) Ord , 1979
2. The Offence of Zina ( Enforcement of Hudood) Ord , 1979
3. The Offence of Qazf (Enforcement of Hadd) Ord. 1979
4. The Prohibition (Enforcement of Hudood) Ord. 1979

PAPER-VII LAW OF EQUITY AND SPECIFIC RELIEF(100 MARKS)
1. Maxims of Equity - 40 Marks
2. The Specific Relief Act, 1877 - 60 Marks

Course Contents

1. Maxims of Equity
2. The Specific Relief Act, 1877
   

LL.B.-II

PAPER-I CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-II(100 MARKS)
The Constitutional of Pakistan, 1973                                                     100 Marks


Course Contents
The Constitution of the Islamic republic of Pakistan 1973, as amended up to date.

Books Prescribed

1. Constitution of Pakistan by Shaukat Mahmood
2. Constitution Law of Pakistan by Shabbar Raza Rizvi
3. Constitution of Pakistan by Ahmer Fazeel.
   

PAPER-II ADMINISTRATIVE LAW(100 MARKS)
1. Administrative Law - 60Marks
2. Laws of Civil Service - 40 Marks


Course Contents
General Principles of Administrative Law;
Administrative act, delegated legislation, administrative discretion, judicial review of the administrative act discretion, administrative tribunals and ombudsman.

Laws of Civil Service. Civil Servants Act, 1973 Federal Service Tribunal. 1973 Government Servants (E&D) Rules, 1973 and Civil Servants (Conduct) Rule 19.

The Constitution of the Islamic republic of Pakistan 1973, as amended up to date.

Books Recommended

1. Administrative Law by HWR Wade
2. Principles of Administrative Law by Griffith, J A G
3. Principles of Administrative Law by Jain and Jain
4. Principles of Administrative by Asrdley, D C M
5. Administrative Law by Faulkes, David
6. Principles of Administrative Law by Hamid Khan
7. Administrative Law by Prof. Sathe
8. Administrative Law by Prof. Chakrwati Civil Service law and Practice by Masud-ul-Hassan.
9. Manual of Civil Services Law by Janjua, Z I.
10. Civil Services Laws by Nisar Ahmad.
    
    

PAPER-III COMPANY LAW(100 MARKS)
1. Companies Ordinance, 1984 - 80 Marks
2. The Partnership Act, 1930 - 20 Marks

Course Contents
Company Law

• Historical background
• Kinds of companies
• Differences between a company and other associations
• Formation of Company
• Promoters, Pre-Contracts
• Articles and Memorandum of Association
• Prospectus
• Membership
• Capital, Share, Stock, Mortgages
• Management, Directors
• Meeting, Resolutions
• Audit and Accounts
• Winding up, Kinds
• Consequences of winding up and dissolution
  

PAPER-IV LAW OF TRANSFER OF PROPERTY(100 MARKS)
1. The Transfer of property Act, 1882 80 Marks
2. The Registration Act, 1908 20 Marks

Course Contents
Principles and the detailed provisions of all the acts as indicated above.

Books Prescribed

1. Transfer of Property Act (Commentary) by Shaukat Mahmood.
2. Transfer of Property Act (Commentary) by Dr C M Hanif.
3. Transfer of Property Act (Commentary) by I A Kazi.
4. The Registration Act by Shaukat Mehmood.

PAPER-V MUSLIM PERSONAL LAW (100 MARKS)

Break-up and Course Contents

1. Muslim Personal Law and Law of Inheritance, in light of he Qur’anic Verses and relevant enactment such as:
   i. The Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939
   ii. The Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961
   iii. West Pakistan Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act , 1962
   iv. The Guardians and Wards Act, 1890( Only Ss. 7 , 8 , 12 , 25)
• 1. Marriage
• 2. Dower
• 3. Mode of the Dissolution of Marriage
• 4. Iddat
• 5. Maintenance
• 6. Parentage-Legitimacy and acknowledgement
• 7. Guardianship of Person and property
• 8. Gifts
• 9. Wakfs
• 10. Wills
• 11. Inheritance-General Rules
• 12. Sunni Law of Inheritance
• 13. Shia Law of Inheritance

Books Recommended

1. Outline of Mohammadan Law by A A Fyzee.
2. Islamic Law Theory and Practice by Aziz Ahmed
3. Islamic Law by D F Mulla
4. Islamic Law by Syed Amir Ali.
5. Islamic Law by Dr. Muhammad Hamid Ullah
6. Islamic Law of Inheritance by Hamid Khan.
   
   

PAPER-VI PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (100 MARKS)
Course Contents

1. Nature, Origin and Basis of International Law
2. Material Source of International Law
3. Subjects of International Law
4. Relation between International State law
5. States in General
6. Recognition
7. State Territorial Sovereignty
8. State Jurisdiction
9. State Responsibility
10. Succession to Rights and obligation
11. The State and the individual
12. The State and the Economic Interest
13. Diplomatic Envoys, Councils and other representatives
14. The Law and Practice as to Treaties
15. The International +Disputes
16. War, Armed Conflicts and other Hostilities
17. Neutrality
18. International Humanitarian Law
19. International Institute including international Criminal Court

Books Recommended

1. Principles of public International Law by Brownie,
2. International Law by Oppenheiun , Vol.I & II Edited by H. Lauter Pacht
3. Introduction to International Law by J G Strake.
4. Law of Nations, Brierly, J L.
5. International aw by Schwazanberger
6. International Law by Tandon
7. International Law by DH Harris.
8. International Humanitarian Law- A compilation of selected Texts by ICRC-Pakistan
9. International Institutions by D W Bowett.
   

PAPER-VII CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN (100 MARKS)

• Salient features of the Government of India Act 1935
• Indian Independence Act 1947
• Objectives Resolution, 1949
• Report of the Basic Principles Committee Draft Constitution of 1954
• Salient Feature of the 1956 Constitution
• Constitution Commission of 1960 (Shahabuddin Commission)
• Salient features of the 1962 Constitution
• Abrogation of the Constitutions and the Martial Laws
• Legal Framework Order, 1970
• The Interim Constitutions of 1972
• Fifth and Sixth Constitutional Amendments in the 1973 Constitution
• The PCO of 1981
• HE RCO of 1985
• The Eight Amendments
• THE LFO-2002 and the Seventeenth Amendment, 2003

CASES

1. Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan v. Federation of Pakistan PLD 1955 Sindh 96
2. Federation of Pakistan vs. Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan
3. Reference by the Governor-General PLD 1955 FC 435
4. State V. Dosso PLD 1958 SC533
5. Usif Patel V. Crown PLD 1955 FC 387
6. Begum Nusrat Bhutto v. Chief of the Army Staff PLD 1977 SC657
7. Hakim Khan Government of Pakistan PLD 1992 SC 585
8. Nawaz Sharif v. President of Pakistan PLD 1993 SC 473
9. Benazir Bhutto v. The President of Pakistan PLD 1992 SC 492
10. Khawaja Muhammad Sharif, PLD 1988 Lah. 725
11. Federation of Pakistan v. Haji Saifullah Khan PLD 1989 SC166
12. Khawaja Ahmad Tariq Rahim PLD 1992 SC 646
13. Benazir Bhutto v. President of Pakistan. PLD 1998 SC 388
14. Asma Jilani v. Government of the Punjab PLD 1972 SC 139
15. Mir Hassan…
16. State v. Zia ur Rehman PLD 1973 SC 49
17. Mahmood Khan Achakzai v. Fed. of Pakistan PLD 1997 SC
18. Zafar Ali Shah case, 2000

Books Recommended

1. Constitutional Development of Pakistan by GW Chaudhry
2. Constitutional Documents of Pakistan by Safdar Mahmood
3. Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan by Hamid Khan
4. Book by Justice M. Munir
5. Khalid Bin Sayed.
   

LL.B.-III


PAPER-I LAW OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (100 MARKS)
All provisions of the civil Procedure code and limitation Act
1. The Civil Procedure Code-1908 [ 80Marks ]
2. The Limitation Act 1908 [ 20Marks ]

Course Contents
All provisions of the Civil Procedure Code. 1908 and
All sections of the Limitation Act, 1908. Excluding the Schedule

Books Recommended

1. Civil Procedure Code Commentary by Aamer Raza A Khan
2. Civil Procedure Code Commentary by Nizami.
3. Civil Procedure Code by Shaukat Mahmood.
4. Limitation Act 1908 Commentary by A M Chaudhry
   

PAPER-II CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE (100 MARKS)
1. The Criminal; Procedure Code 1898 [ 80 Marks ]
2. Medical Jurisprudence [ 20 Marks ]

Course Contents
1. All provisions of Criminal procedure code 1908 as amended up to date
2. Medical Jurisprudence with reference to Autopsy and Physical Injuries

Books Recommended

1. Criminal Procedure code commentary by M.H Nizami
2. Criminal Procedure code by Shaukat Mehmood
3. Medical Jurisprudence by Jhala and Raja
4. Medical Jurisprudence for India by Lyon, I B.
5. Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence Toxicology by Modi, N J
6. Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence & Toxicology Parikh
7. Medical jurisprudence by Taylor , A.S

PAPER-III LAW OF EVIDENCE AND LEGAL ETHICS (100 MARKS)

1.         Qanoon-e-Shahadat (Order), 1984                                          80 Marks
2.         Legal Ethics                                                                              20 Marks

Course Contents
1. All Provisions of Qanoon-e-Shahadat 1984 as amended up to-date
2. Legal Practitioners and Bar Council Act, 1973 (Sc 22-28 and 41-47)
3. Chapters on Professional Ethics Contained in the Legal Practitioners and Bar Councils Rules, 1976

Books Recommended

1. Munir on evidence up dated by justice (R) Khalil ur Rehman Khan
2. Law of Evidence by Munir
3. Law of Evidence by Best
4. Law by Evidence by Phipson
5. Law of Evidence by M. Mehmood
6. Qanoon-e-Shahadat by Dr.Hamidullah
7. Principles of Legal Ethics by Prof. Dr C.M Hanif
8. Professional Ethics of the Bar by Anand, C L
9. Road to Justice by Lord Denning
10. A Study of Legal Ethics by Jessup, HW
    

PAPER-IV LEGAL DRAFTING (100 MARKS)

1.   Conveyancing                           50 Marks
2.   Pleadings                                  50 Marks

COURSE CONTENT

1. Drafting by i.C Desouza (Omitting chapter I & II, Part-II) (Major Petitions to Courts).
2. Precedents in India With Precendts by Sir C. Walsh and J.C Weir
3. Dastaweznavisi by penna Lal in Urdu (Latest Edition) only the following 75 forms are prescribed.
   
   1. Receipts No.1
   2. Bonds No. 1-2-6-9
   3. Agreement 1-5-6-10
   4. Mukhtarnama 1-2-3
   5. Bainama 1-4-20-23
   6. Rahn Nama 1-2-3-5-6-7-9-13
   7. Exchange 1-2-3
   8. Hiba Nama 1-2-3
   9. Talaq Nama 1-2-3-4
   10. Wills 1-2-4-5
   11. Partnership Deed 1-3
   12. Dedication 1-2-8
   13. Settlement 1-2
   14. Bonds 3
   15. Adoption 1-4
   16. Marriage 1-2-3
   17. Arbitration 1-2-3
   18. Notice 1-3-5-8-12-13
   19. Musawada 1-2-3-4
   20. Promissory Note 1-2-3-4
   21. Patta 1-6(b)

Books Recommended

1. Law of Pleading by Inaytullah.
2. Conveyancing by inaytullah, M
3. Mogah on Pleadings
4. Mogah on Conveyncing
5. Pleadings in India with Precedents by Sir C Walsh & j C Weir.
6. Dastaweznavisi by Penna Lal in Urdu (Latest edition)
7. Drafting by IC DeSouza (Omitting Chapters I &II Part-II (Major petitions to courts)
8. Law of Interpretation by Maxwell and craze
9. Interpretation of Statutes by Chowdhry
10. Interpretation of Pakistan Statutes by Kazi Mohammad Ashraf
11. Interpretation of Statutes by Mazharuddin Ahmad.

PAPER-V INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES (100 MARKS) 1. Interpretation of Statutes-Maxwell (80 marks )
2. General Clauses Act, 1897.(20 marks )



OPTIONAL PAPERS: Students will be required to choose two out of the following eight papers (subjects to the availability of qualified teacher)

• Optional Paper-I Intellectual Property Laws
• Optional Paper-II Environmental Laws
• Optional Paper-III Banking Laws
• Optional Paper-IV Labour Laws
• Optional Paper-V Taxation Laws
• Optional Paper-VI Land Laws
• Optional Paper-VII Minor Acts
• Optional Paper-VIII Human Rights.

OPTIONAL PAPER-I: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS (100 MARKS)

Course Contents
The Course will consist of four components in relation to the Laws relating to Patents, Designs, Trade Marks and Copyrights.


PATENTS, DESIGN, TRADE MARKS AND COPYRIGHT LAW

INTRODUCTION TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS:
A brief overview of the term “intellectual property”, a comparison between its four branches and definitions thereof.

PATENTS LAW

1. Procedure for Obtaining a Design Registration
   Concept of novelty, patentable inventions, procedure for obtaining patent rights, term and renewals.
2. EFFECTIVE OF OBTAINING PATENT RIGHTS
   Privileges of acquiring patent rights such as assignments, licensing and infringement proceedings; revocation of patents.

DESIGN LAWS

1. PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A PATENT
   Concept of novelty and originality, procedure for obtaining design protection, term and renewals
2. EFFECTIVE OF OBTAINING PATENT RIGHTS
   Privileges of acquiring design rights such as assignments, licensing and infringement proceedings; cancellation of registered designs.

TRADE MARKS LAW

1. PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING REGISTRATION OF A TRADE MARK
   Procedure for obtaining registration with reference to goods and services; distinctiveness of a trade mark and prohibition as to registration ; opposition and rectification proceedings; duration and renewal of registration.
2. ENFORCEMENT OF TRADE MARK RIGHTS
   Infringement proceedings; passing off action
3. ASSIGNMENT , LICENSING AND REGISTERED USER
   Assignment of registered and unregistered trade marks; standard terms and conditions of a license agreement; registration of registered user; and right of registered user to file infringement proceedings.
   

COPY RIGHT LAWS

1. COPYRIGHT, OWNERSHIP OF COPYRIGHT AND RIGHTS OF THE OWNER
   Works in which copyright subsists; first owner of copyright, term of copyright.
2. REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF COPYRIGHT
   Procedure of obtaining copyright registration; registration of assignment ; licenses by owners and compulsory license.
3. ENFORCEMENT OF COPYRIGHT
   When copyright infringed; certain acts not infringement of copyright; powers and functions of Copyright Board.
4. INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS
   TRIPS Agreement, Paris Convention, Patents Cooperation Treaty, Universal Convention on Copyrights Berne Convention, etc
5. LEADING CASES

REFERENCES

Patents

1. Patents for inventions.
   Fifth Edition by T.A. Blanco While.
2. Terrell on the Law of Patents
   Fifteenth Edition.
3. Intellectual Property (Third Edition) by W.R. Cornish.
4. Patents Law by P. Narayanan (Third Edition)

DESIGNS
1. Russel Clarke on Copyrights and Industrial Designs By Michael Fysh (Fifth Edition).


TRADemark

1. Trade and Merchandize marks act by Dr. S. Venkateshwaran.
2. Kerly on Trade Marks and Trade Names
3. Law of Trade Marks and Passing off By P Narayanan
   

Copyright

1. Copyright Law by P. Narayanan. Published by Eastern Law House Calcutta.
2. International Copyright by Stewart.
3. Skone James and Copinger on Copyrights.

OPTIONAL PAPER-II ENVIRONMENY LAW (100 MARKS)
Course Contents

I). Introduction

1. Introduction
2. Historical background
3. Practical significance / Multidisciplinary aspect connection with human rights
4. Source
   Ethics
   Islamic provisions on environmental law
   World Conservation Strategies, National conversation Strategy,
   Provincial Conservation Strategies
   National Biodiversity Action Plan
5. Principles
   Precautionary
   Polluter Pays
   Inter-generational equity
   Prevention
   Cooperation / mutual assistance
   Sovereignty
6. Theories of enforcement and compliance

II) International

1. Soft Law (e.g., Stockholm, Rio)
2. Multilateral agreements
   Biodiversity (5 conventions)
   Marine (e.g., Los MARPOL)
   Desertification (CCD)
   Climate (e.g., FCCC, Kytoto)
   Air (e.g., Vienna, Montreal)
   Waste (e.g., Basel)
   Nuclear
   Trade (e.g. WTO, TRIPS)
3. Dispute resolution
4. INGOs
5. ISO 14000

III) Regional
Soft Law (e.g., Langkawi Declaration)

1. Agreement
   ASEAN
   S.ASIAN Regional Seas
   Indus Basin Commission
   Mekong River Commission
   Marine Turtles
   Aquaculture
   Antiquities
2. Institutional infrastructure
   ASEAN
   SAARC Law
   SACEP
   UNEP / ESCAP
   

IV) NATIONAL

1. Constitutional
   1956, 1962, 1973
2. Statutory
   a) Federal
   Easement Act
   PEPA 1997
   NEQS
   Sectoral
   b) Provincial
3. Case Law / Common Law
4. Institutional infrastructure
   a) Federal
   PEPC
   EPA
   Judiciary
   b) Provincial
   EPA
   Sustainable Development Funds
   Tribunals
5. Enforcement / Compliance
   i. Theory
   ii. Market Instrument
   iii. Practice
6. Techniques
   i. EIA / IIE
   ii. Procedural / Practical
   

V) CONCLUSION
1. Limitations
Law reform



OPTIONAL PAPER-III BANKING LAWS (100 MARKS)

Course Contents
Relevant provisions of the following Laws.

1. The State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956
2. The Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962
3. The Modarba Companies and Modarba (Floation and Control) Ordinance, 1980
4. The Financial Institutions (recovery of Finances) Ordinance, 2001
5. The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (All Provisions Sections 1-60, 82-85A and 122-131 of the act)
   

OPTIONAL PAPER-IV LABOUR LAW (100 MARKS)

Course Contents

1. The charter of the I L O
2. The industrial Relation Ordinance, 2002
3. The WP Industrial and Commercial Establishments (Standing Orders) Ordinance 1968

OPTIONAL PAPER-V: TAXATION LAWS (100 MARKS)
1. The Income Tax Ordinance, 2001- [ 80 Marks ]
2. The Sales Tax Act, 1990 - [ 20MArks ]

Course Contents
All provisions in the relevant enactments


OPTIONAL PAPER-VI LAND LAWS (100 MARKS)

1. WP Land Revenue Act 1967 - [ 60 Marks ]
2. Pre-Emption Laws - [ 20 Marks ]
3. Tenancy Laws - [ 20 Marks ]

Course Contents
All Provisions of the relevant enactments
Relevant Provisions of local laws

OPTIONAL PAPER-VII: MINOR ACTS (100 MARKS)
1. The ArbitrationAct, 1940 (40Marks)
2. The Suit ValuationAct,1887 (20Marks)
3. The Court Fee Act, 1870 (20Marks)
4. Rent Laws (20Marks)

Course Contents
All provisions of the relevant enactments
Relevant Rent Laws applicable in the respective areas


AIM & OBJECTIVES
Human Rights Law is a distinct area of law and raises a number of challenging questions for lawyers: how can international human rights standards be implemented across diverse cultures, nations religions, economic systems? What rights and responsibilities does the individual have under international law? What is the relationship between state sovereignty and human rights? These question are a matter of concern not only to international lawyers but also to all those interested in understanding the difficulties that arise in proctecting human rights at an international level.

Part one of the Human Rights course introduces students to the international system for the protection of human rights as developed through the United Nations system post-1945. Student are introduced to the theoretical and practical problem that arise when attempting to enforce international standard for the protection of human rights

Course Contents

1. Historical development of International Human Rights Law
2. The Normative Framework of international Human Rights Law: The UN System for the Protection of Human Rights
3. Regional Systems for human Rights Protection:
   • Inter-American System
   • African Charter of Human ad Peoples Rights
   • European Human Rights System
   • A regional Human Rights approach to Human rights in Asia
4. Universalism and cultural Relativism: Contemporary Debates
5. Human Rights in Islam

SELECTED TOPICS

1. The Death Penalty in International Law
2. The right to the highest attainable standard of health
3. The prohibition of torture in international Human rights laws
4. Racism and international Law: the UN convention on the Elimination of All forms of Racial Discrimination: Racism and International Human Rights Law
5. Discrimination Against women and international Human Rights Law
6. The Rights of Refugees in International Law
7. Children’s rights in international Law
8. Terrorism and Human Rights
9. The International Criminal Court
   

Recommended Textbooks
Rehman J International Human Rights Law (Longman: 2002).
Alston and Steiner International Human Rights in Context: law, Politics and morals, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000 (2nd Edition).
Blackstone’s International Human Rights Documents (4th ed.) 2004 (for exam use)

Other useful readings
Robertson G, Crimes against humanity: the struggle for global justice (2nd ed. 2002)
Harris D J, Cases and Materials in international Law (5th ed.) Chapter 9.avaliable Online http://www.hrw.org
Amnesty International World Report http://www.amnesty.org
Cassese A, International Law (2002), Ch.16.
Charleswroth and chinkin, The Boundaries of international Law (2000) ch.7.

Periodicals
Human Rights Quarterly
International and Comparative Law Quarterly (ICLQ)
American Journal of International Law (AJIL)
International Legal Materials (ILM) (includes international legal instruments and case reports)
Harvard Human Rights Journal (available on LEXIS-NEXIS)
Columbia Journal of Human Rights Law (available on LEXIS-NEXIS)
Reports. Judgments and Advisory Opinions of the International Court of Justice, ICJ Reps, Q+1 also Available at http://www.icj-cij.org

RECOMMENDED WEBSITES
UN RESOURCES
http://www.un.org (United Nations)
http://www.un.org/rights (United Nations, Human Rights)
http://www.unhchr.ch (office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights)
http://www.unhchr.ch/data.htm (Date Search on UN Human Rights documents, both treaty-based and charter-based)
http://www.unhcr.ch (UN High Commissioner for refugees)

Non-Governmental Organizations
http://www.hrw.org (Human rights Watch, an International non-governmental organization)
http://www.amnesty.org (Amnesty International)

Other Links
http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/ (University of Minnesota Human Rights Library)
http://irlgov.ie/iveagh (Irish Govt, Dept of Foreign affairs, Human Rights Unit-click on Human Rights-under Polices, this Site include links to both International and national human rights websites)
http://www.iccl.ie (Irish Council for Civil Liberties)
http://www.nihrc.org (Northern Irish Human Rights Commission-includes excellent links to other Human rights internet resources)
http://www.umn.edu/humanrts/index.html (University of Minnesota, Human Rights Library and Database, excellent research resources)
http://www.asil.org (American Society of International Law. The Guide to Electronic Resources available at this site includes an annotated guide to human rights internet resources)